Поговорим об экзаменах и студентах

Давайте отразим тему экзаменов в английском. Объяснения фраз даю на английском и на русском.

take an exam / sit an exam = do an exam сдавать экзамен
I'm taking an exam in accountancy next week.
pass an exam = get a good enough mark to succeed сдать (получить хорошую оценку) экзамен
I hope I'll pass the Maths exam.
get a good / high mark = do well in the exam получить хорошую (высокую) оценку
He got a good mark in Spanish.
get a bad / low mark = do badly in the exam получить плохую (низкую) оценку
He got a low mark in Statistics.
pass with flying colours = pass with high marks сдать блестяще
Congratulations! You passed with flying colours!
scrape a pass = only just pass сдать еле-еле (буквально наскрести на низший балл)
She scraped a pass in Biology, but it was enough to get her in to University.
fail an exam = not pass провалить экзамен
He failed all his exams because he didn't study hard enough.

Before the exam - До экзамена

take extra lessons / have private tuition / private coaching = pay for a personal teacher to help you with the subject брать дополнительные уроки (заниматься с репетитором)
She's going to take extra lessons in French to help her pass the exam.
revise = go over everything you've studied повторять изученный материал
Tonight I'm going to revise the Tenses, then it's the Conditionals tomorrow night.
swot up = an informal synonym for "revise" зубрить
She's swotting up for her test tomorrow.
cram = try and force as much information into your head as possible тоже зубрить, но очень много (запихивать в себя информацию)
I've got to cram for next week's test.
learn by heart / memorise = try to remember facts etc, without necessarily understanding them выучить наизусть
I need to learn the French irregular verbs by heart.

During the exam - Во время экзамена

cheat / copy / use a crib sheet = use dishonest methods to try and pass the exam, such as copying someone else, or hiding notes so you can read them during the exam подсказывать, списывать, пользоваться шпаргалками

What sort of student are you?

stellar = a star performer очень высокого уровня ("звездочка")
hard-working = someone who tries усердный
straight A = a student who always gets top marks отличник
plodder = someone who works consistently, but isn't particularly brilliant труженик, но без энтузиазма или интереса, исполнительный без творчества
mediocre = not bad or good, average посредственный, заурядный
abysmal = terrible ужасный

British schools

In Britain, pupils wear a school uniform. As well as a particular skirt or pair of trousers, with a specific shirt and jumper, they also have a school PE kit (clothes that they wear to play sports at school).

Most children go to state-run primary and secondary schools. Schools are mostly mixed (girls and boys sit in the same classes), although there are some single-sex schools (schools for girls or boys only) and a few schools are private, where parents pay school fees.

Schools try to have clear rules for acceptable behaviour. For example, pupils (school children) have to show respect to their teachers. Often they have to stand up when their teacher comes into the classroom and say "Good morning". If pupils break the rules, they can expect to be sent to the headmaster or headmistress, or to do detention, when they stay behind after the other pupils go home.

Most schools have lessons in the morning and in the afternoon. Pupils can go home for lunch, or have their lunch in school. Some have a packed lunch (where they bring lunch from home, such as sandwiches, fruit etc) and some eat what the school prepares. These "school dinners" vary in quality, and there has recently been a lot of media interest in providing healthy school dinners for pupils.

Pupils can expect to get homework for most subjects, and there are regular tests to check progress. At the end of each of the three school terms, teachers give each pupil a report. Schools also have a parents' evening each year, when the parents can meet the teachers to discuss their child's progress.

School isn't just lessons and homework though. Most schools arrange a sports day once a year, as well as school trips to places of interest.

Useful phrases - Полезные фразы

wear school uniform носить школьную форму
PE kit спортивная форма
state-run государственные
primary and secondary schools начальные и средние школы
mixed смешанные
single-sex schools только для мальчиков или девочек
private частная
pay school fees платить за обучение
acceptable behaviour достойное поведение
pupils ученики
respect to the teachers уважение к учителям
break the rules нарушать правила
sent to the headmaster or headmistress быть отправленным к директору
do detention оставлен после уроков
packed lunch упакованный ланч
subjects учебные предметы
school terms четверти, семестры
report дневник, табель успеваемости
parents' evening родительское собрание
a sports day спортивный день
school trips школьные поездки (экскурсии)